GIVING TEMULAWAK AND KUNYIT EXTRACT TO INCREASE PRODUCTIVITY AND AS AN AVIAN INFLUENZA IMMUNOSTIMULATOR ON BROILER CHICKEN
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Nov 30, 2019
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Abstract
Broiler chickens in Indonesia have good prospects to develop. However, there are many obstacles that must be faced by broiler breeders, such as soaring prices of feed and medicine, harvest prices that tend to fluctuate, and the outbreak of bird flu that has not yet been found. The objective of the experiment was to investigate the effectiveness of treating broiler with temulawak and kunyit extracts to enhance productivity and as imunostimulator of avian influenza. Broiler were given either temulawak, kunyit or temulawak+kunyit extracts. The treatments, including a control, were arranged in a factorial design. Variables measured were production index and immune titter with haemaglutination Inhibition (HI) test at 35 days of age.Results showet that control, temulawak, kunyit and temulawak+ kunyit treated chicken have production indexes of 302,10; 387,11; 324,52; and 354,70, respectively. Haemaglutination Inhibition (HI) test result were all negative. It can be concluded that neither temulawak, kunyit or temulawak+ kunyit extracts is effective immunostimulator of avian influenza in broiler. Nevertheless, temulawak-treated chicken showed highest production index.
Key Words : Temulawak, Kunyit, Avian Influenza, Haemaglutination Inhibition
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Sutarto, S. (2019). GIVING TEMULAWAK AND KUNYIT EXTRACT TO INCREASE PRODUCTIVITY AND AS AN AVIAN INFLUENZA IMMUNOSTIMULATOR ON BROILER CHICKEN. Jurnal Peternakan Nusantara, 5(2), 65–72. https://doi.org/10.30997/jpnu.v5i2.1896
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Sutijanto dan M. Indradji, 2005. Uji Coba Lapang (field trial) Efektivitas Vaksin Avian Influenza (Flu Burung) pada Ayam Kampung di Kabupaten Banyumas. [Laporan Penelitian]. Fakultas Petemakan Unsoed (tidak dipublikasikan).
Steel. R. G. D. dan J. H. Torrie. 1995. Prinsip dan Prosedur Statistika Suatu Pendekatan. Biometik. Edisi Ke-2. Cet-2 Alih Bahasa B. Soemetri PT. Gramedia Pustaka Utama: Jakarta.
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Tabbu, C.R., 2000. Penyakit Ayam dan Penanggulangannya. Penyakit Bakterial Mikal dan Viral. Volume 1. Penerbit Kanisius Yogyakarta Hlm. 233-245.
Tizzard, 1., 1983. Pengantar Immunologi Veteriner. Airlangga University Press. Surabaya. H1m.143--275.
Abbas, A.K., A.H. Lichtman and Y.S.Pober, 1991. Cellular and Molecular Immunology. WB. Sounders Company. Philadelphia London Toronto Montreal Sydney Tokyo. Pp. 4-6, 38-45, 309-310.
Achyat, D.E., dan R. Rasyidah, 2005. Kunyit (Curcumae domesticaVal). http//www.asiamaya.com/jamu/isi/kunyitcurcumaedomestica.htm. (10 September 2007).
Akoso, B.T., 1993. Manual Kesehatan Unggas. Kanisius. Yogyakarta, Hlm. 93-94.
Alexander, D.J., G. Parsons and R.S. Manvell, 1986. Experimental assesment of the pathogenicity of eight avian influensa a virusses of H5 sub type for chickens Turkeys, duck and quail. Avian Pathol 15: 647 - 662.
Anang, S.F.R., dan M.M. Ihsan, 2000. Temulawak dan kunyit sembuhkan hepatitis. PT. Jamu lboe. Dalam: http/www.jamuiboe.com.artikel 04php (10 September 2007).
Barus, R.A., 2004. Kronologi Wabah Avian Influenza (Al) di Indonesia. Warta Kesehatan Hewan. Media Informasi Direktorat Kesehatan Hewan. Januari-April 2004.
Bellanti, J.A., 1993. Immunology Ill. Gajah Mada University Press. Yogyakarta.
Chapmann, J.J., 1988. Probiotics. Accidifers and Yeast Culture a Plate for Natural Additives in Pig and Poultry Production. Biotechnology in the Feed Indistries. Proceedings of Alltechs for Fourth Annual Symposium. Pp.219-223.
Dalimartha, S., 2000a. Atlas Tumbuhan Obat Indonesia. Trubus Agriwidya, Jakarta.
Dalimartha, S., 2000b. Tiga Puluh Resep Tumbuhan Obat untuk Menurunkan Kolesterol. Panebar Swadaya, Jakarta.
Dharmayanti, N.L.P.I, R. Indriani, R. Damayantt, A. -Wiyono don R.M.A. Adjid, 2005a. Karakter virus avian influensa isolat Indonesia pada wabah gelombang ke duo. Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner 10(3) : 217-226.
Dharmayanti, N.L.P.I, R. Indriani, R. Damayanti, A. Wiyono dan R.M.A. Adjid, 2005b. Isolasi dan identifikasi wabah avian influensa pada bulan Oktober 2004-Maret 2005 In didonesia. Jurnal Biologi Indonesia. 3:341-350.
Endrini, S., 2007. Tanaman Obat Heboh Flu Burung, Herba Indonesia. Edisi 58. Yayasan Pengembang Tanaman Obat Karyasari. Jakarta.
Fadilah, R. dan A. Polana, 2004, Panduan Pengelolan Peternakan Ayam Broiler Komersial. PT Agromedia Pustaka. Depok. Jakarta.
Guritno, D., 2002. Pengaruh pemberian temulawak dan mengkudu terhadap efisiensi pakan dan protein efisinsi rasio pada ayam pedaging. [Skripsi] Fakultas Petemakan Universitas Jenderal Soedirman. Purwokerto.
Hadi, S., 1985. Maitfaat temulawak ditinjau dari segi kedokteran. Prosiding Simposium Nasional Temulawak. Lembaga Penelitian Universitas Padjadjaran. Bandung. Hlm. 139-145.
Harmanto, N., 2007. Avian Influenza, Mengapa Harus Takut. Dalam: Herba Indonesia. Edisi 58. Yayasan Pengembang Tanaman Obat Karyasari. Jakarta,
Haryanto, B., 2006. Pebaikan pertumbuhan dan pron. karkas melalui permberian temulawak (C+ncr,: xanthoriza roxb) pada ransum. Animal Pr, Jurnal Produksi Ternak 3(8): 190-195.
Hofstad, M.S., B. W. Calnek, C.F. Helmbolt, W.M. Raid and H. W. Yoder, 1978. Diseases Poultry. T° edition. Iowa State University Press Ames Iowa. Pp. 513-532.
Kamaludin, Z., 2006. Vaksin Al Homolog Konvensional Versus Reverse Genetic. Infovet 141.
Krishna, C., Isminah dan L. Wulandari, 2004. Flu Burung. Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan, Departemen Kesehatan. Jakarta.
Kimball, l. W., 1994. Biologi. Jilid l. Penerbit Erlangga Jakarta. Hlm. 515-565.
Liang, O.B., Y. Apsorton, T. Widjaja dan S. Puspa, 1985, Beberapa Aspek Isolasi, Identifikasi dan Penggunaan Komponen - komponen Curcumae xanthoriza Roxb dan Curcumae domestica Val. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Temulawak. Universitas Padjadjaran. Bandung.
Mursito, B. 2001. Sehat di Usia Lanjut Dengan Ramuan Tradisional. Panebar Swadaya. Jakarta.
Nataamijaya, A.G., S.N. Jamari, U. Kusnadi dan L. Prakarani, 2000. Pengaruh Pemberian Kunyit (Curcumae domestica Van dan Lempuyang (Zingiber aromaticum Van terhadap Bobot Badan dan Konversi Pakan pada Broiler. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Petemakan Veteriner. Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Peternakan. Bogor.
Nidom, C.A., 2005. Tangerang Miniatur Indonesia. Poultry Indonesia 305. Jakarta.
North, O.M. and D.D. Bell, 1990. Commercial Chicken Production Mannual. 4'h ed. Avi. Pub. New York.
Nurhandayani, A., 2004. Avian Influenza (Fowl Plague). Swadesi I(I): 1-8.
Rantam, F.A., A.P. Rahardjo, dan A.T.S. Estoepangestie, 2004. Deteksi Dini Penyakit Avian Influenza (Al) pada Ayam Secara in Vitro dan in Vivo. Makalah Pertemuan llmiah Tahunan Perhimpunan Mikrobiologi Indonesia, 27-28 Agustus 2004. Hlm. 41. Universitas Diponegoro. Semarang.
Steel, R.G.D. and J.H. Torrie, 1980. Principles and Procedure of Statistics. 2rd ed., Mc. Grave Hill., International Book. Co., Singapura.
Sufiriyanto, 1998. Pengaruh Pemberian Campuran Amilase, Protease dan Probiotik Melalui Air Minum Terhadap Kinerja Ayam Ras Pedaging. [Tesis]. Program Studi Sain Veteriner. Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan. Universitas Gadjah Mada. Yogyakarta
Sutijanto dan M. Indradji, 2005. Uji Coba Lapang (field trial) Efektivitas Vaksin Avian Influenza (Flu Burung) pada Ayam Kampung di Kabupaten Banyumas. [Laporan Penelitian]. Fakultas Petemakan Unsoed (tidak dipublikasikan).
Steel. R. G. D. dan J. H. Torrie. 1995. Prinsip dan Prosedur Statistika Suatu Pendekatan. Biometik. Edisi Ke-2. Cet-2 Alih Bahasa B. Soemetri PT. Gramedia Pustaka Utama: Jakarta.
Swayne, D.E., M. Garcia, J.R Beck, N. Kinney, and D.I. Suarez, 2000. Protection against diverse higly pathogenic H5 avian influenza viruses in chickens immunized with a recombinant fowlpox vaccine containing an H5 avian influenza hemagglutinin gene insert. Vaccine 18: 1088-1095.
Tabbu, C.R., 2000. Penyakit Ayam dan Penanggulangannya. Penyakit Bakterial Mikal dan Viral. Volume 1. Penerbit Kanisius Yogyakarta Hlm. 233-245.
Tizzard, 1., 1983. Pengantar Immunologi Veteriner. Airlangga University Press. Surabaya. H1m.143--275.