The Variation in anthocyanin content level in four local varieties of black rice (Oryza sativa L.) from Indonesia

Authors

  • Abdul Basith Indonesian Genetic and Biodiversity Community
  • Shafa Noer Noer Universitas PGRI Indraprasta Jakarta
  • Mazidatul Faizah Universitas KH. Abdul Wahab Hasbulloh

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30997/jp.v14i1.7152

Keywords:

Anthocyanin, black rice, local varieties

Abstract

Anthocyanin is a type of pigment in black rice that is classified as a flavonoid compound and has antioxidant property. This study focused on testing anthocyanin content on four local varieties of black rice in Indonesia, namely Toraja (South Sulawesi), Cempo Ireng (Yogyakarta), Wojalaka (East Nusa Tenggara), and Manggarai (East Nusa Tenggara). Analysis of total anthocyanin content was carried out based on the absorbance value of rice flour extract at a wavelength of 535 nm with a spectrophotometer. This study used a randomized block design with varieties as groups and each was carried out in 20 repetitions. The total anthocyanin content was analysed using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer with an absorbance length of 550 nm and 700 nm. The results showed that there were significant differences in the total anthocyanin content of the four varieties of black rice. Sequentially the anthocyanin levels of black rice varieties from highest to lowest were Manggarai with an average anthocyanin content of 1508.89 ppm, Cempo Ireng with an average anthocyanin content of 734.86 ppm, Wojalaka with an average anthocyanin content of 435.38 ppm, and Toraja with an average anthocyanin level of 117.2 ppm.

References

Choi MJ, Kim, HY, & Cho EJ. 2012. Anti-aging effect of black rice against H2O2-induced premature senescence. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 6(20): 3672–3680.

Games PA & Howell JF. 1976. Pairwise Multiple Comparison Procedures with Unequal N’s and/or Variances: A Monte Carlo Study. Journal of Educational Statistics, 1(2): 113–125.

Goufo P & Trindade H. 2014. Rice antioxidants: phenolic acids, flavonoids, anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins, tocopherols, tocotrienols, γ-oryzanol, and phytic acid. Food Science & Nutrition, 2(2): 75–104.

Jang HH, Park MY, Kim HW, Lee YM, Hwang KA, Park JH, Park DS, & Kwon O. 2012. Black rice (Oryza sativa L.) extract attenuates hepatic steatosis in C57BL/6 J mice fed a high-fat diet via fatty acid oxidation. Nutrition & metabolism, 9(1): 1–11.

Kassim A, Poette J, Paterson A, Zait D, McCallum S, Woodhead M, Smith K, Hackett C, & Graham J. 2009. Environmental and seasonal influences on red raspberry anthocyanin antioxidant contents and identification of quantitative traits loci (QTL). Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, 53(5), 625–634.

Kim GR, Jung ES, Lee S, Lim SH, Ha SH, & Lee CH. 2014. Combined mass spectrometry-

based metabolite profiling of different pigmented rice (Oryza sativa L.) seeds and

correlation with antioxidant activities. Molecules, 19(10): 15673–15686.

Kristamtini K, Wiranti EW & Sutarno S. 2018 Variasi warna dan kandungan antosianin varietas lokal beras hitam Yogyakarta pada dua ketinggian. Buletin Plasma Nutfah, 24(2): 97–106.

Nam SH, Choi SP, Kang MY, Koh KJ, Kozukue N, & Friedman M. 2006. Antioxidative

activities of bran extracts from twenty one pigmented rice cultivars. Food Chemistry,

(4): 613–620.

Ostertagová E, Ostertag O & Kováč J. 2014. Methodology and Application of the Kruskal-Wallis Test. Applied Mechanics and Materials, 611: 115–120.

Park SY, Kim SJ, & Chang HI. 2008. Isolation of anthocyanin from black rice (Heugjinjubyeo) and screening of its antioxidant activities. Korean Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 36(1): 55–60.

Pratiwi R & Purwestri YA. 2017. Black rice as a functional food in Indonesia. Functional

Foods in Health and Disease, 7(3): 182–194.

Sa’adah IR, Supriyanta, & Subejo. 2013. Keragaman warna gabah dan warna beras varietas lokal padi beras hitam (Oryza sativa L.) yang dibudidayakan oleh petani Kabupaten Sleman, Bantul, dan Magelang. Vegetalika, 2(3): 13–20.

Sayekti FDJ & Qurrohman MT. 2018. Aktivitas antiangiogenesis ekstrak beras hitam (Oryza sativa L. indica) pada chorioalantoic membrane (CAM) sebagai kandidat antikanker. Indonesian Journal of Applied Sciences, 8(1): 7–9.

Shinta S, Indriyani S & Arisoesiloningsih E. 2014. Morphological variation of six pigmented rice local varieties grown in organic rice field at Sengguruh Village, Kepanjen Subdistrict, Malang District. Journal of Tropical Life Science, 4(2): 149–150.

Suliartini NWS, Sadimantara GR, Wijayanto, T & Muhidin. 2011. Pengujian kadar antosianin padi gogo beras merah hasil koleksi plasma nutfah Sulawesi Tenggara. Crop Agro, 4(2): 43–48.

Xie R, Zheng L, He S, Zheng Y, Yi S, & Deng L. 2011. Anthocyanin biosynthesis in fruit tree crops: genes and their regulation. African Journal of Biotechnology, 10(86):19890–19897.

Yodmanee S, Karrila TT, & Pakdeechanuan P. 2011. Physical, chemical and antioxidant properties of pigmented rice grown in Southern Thailand. International Food Research Journal, 18(3): 901–906.

Zhang MW, Guo, BJ, Zhang RF, Chi JW, Wei ZC, Xu ZH, Zhang Y, & Tang XJ. 2006. Separation, purification and identification of antioxidant compositions in black rice. Agricultural Science in China, 5(6): 431–440.

Zhang MW, Zhang RF, Zhang FX, & Liu RH. 2010. Phenolic profiles and antioxidant activity of black rice bran of different commercially available varieties. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 58(13): 7580–7587.

Downloads

Published

2023-04-05

How to Cite

Basith, A., Noer, S. N., & Faizah, M. (2023). The Variation in anthocyanin content level in four local varieties of black rice (Oryza sativa L.) from Indonesia. Jurnal Pertanian, 14(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.30997/jp.v14i1.7152

Issue

Section

Articles
Abstract viewed = 134 times