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February 23, 2024
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April 30, 2024
Published
April 30, 2024
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Abstract

Kutu putih Paracoccus marginatus Williams & Granara de Willink (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) merupakan salah satu  hama yang paling dominan pada tanaman singkong (Manihot esculenta). Hama ini pertama kali terdeteksi di Indonesia pada tahun 2008. Parasitoid Acerophagus papayae Noyes & Schauff (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) merupakan agens hayati eksotik yang potensial mengendalikan kutu putih di banyak negeri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dinamika penekanan populasi P. marginatus oleh musuh alami di lapang. Monitoring dilakukan dengan cara mengamati 50 tanaman contoh setiap bulannya. Peubah yang diamati meliputi insidensi serangan dan populasi kutu putih, persentase parasitasi dan hiperparasitasi serta populasi predator pada tiga kebun singkong selama 12 bulan berturut-turut. Insidensi serangan dan tingkat serangan kutu putih tertinggi masing-masing sebesar 26% dan 64% terjadi pada musim kemarau. Parasitoid A. papayae mampu menekan populasi P. marginatus antara 1-15 ekor per tanaman dengan tingkat parasitisasi 9-16%. Dinamika parasitisasi parasitoid bergantung pada kelimpahan kutu putih di lapangan. Hiperparasitoid yang ditemukan menyerang parasitoid tersebut adalah Chartocerus sp. (Hymenoptera: Signiphoridae) dan Prochiloneurus sp. (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae). Hiperparasitisasi Chartocerus sp. pada A. papayae berkisar 0.87-1.05%, sedangkan hiperparasitisasi Prochiloneurus sp. pada A. papayae berkisar 0.47-1.35% per tanaman. Predator Plesiochrysa ramburi dan Cryptolaemus montrouzieri sangat rendah populasinya di lapangan sehingga tidak memberikan dampak yang nyata terhadap fluktuasi populasi kutu putih.

Keywords

hama asing, invasif, observasi, parasitoid, pengendalian hayati

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Author Biography

Muhammad Zainal Fanani, Universitas Djuanda

assalam

How to Cite
Fanani, M. Z., Rauf, A. ., Maryana, N., Nurmansyah, A. ., & Hindayana, D. . (2024). DINAMIKA POPULASI KUTU PUTIH Paracoccus marginatus Williams & Granara de Willink (HEMIPTERA: PSEUDOCOCCIDAE) DAN MUSUH ALAMINYA PADA TANAMAN SINGKONG . JURNAL AGRONIDA, 10(1), 27–38. https://doi.org/10.30997/jag.v10i1.12629
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