LITERATURE REVIEW :THE IMPACT OF ROSEMARY (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) ESSENTIAL OIL EXTRACTION USING DISTILLATION METHOD ON THE PRODUCED YIELD.

Abstract

Diseases can easily attack humans today due to ongoing weather changes resulting in a decrease in the immune system. Essential plants contain natural compounds that have the ability as antioxidants and modulate the human immune system to increase resistance and immunity. Rosemary (Rosmanirus Officinalis L.) is a plant with high antioxidant content. The use of rosemary plant can include the extraction of essential oil from the plant. This study aims to analyze the differences in extraction yields using different methods through a literature review. To produce rosemary essential oil, there are several extraction methods that can be used, namely water distillation, water vapor distillation, steam distillation, and hydro distillation. In the extraction process using the water distillation method, the amount of rosemary essential oil obtained was 0.78%. The yield obtained from water-vapor distillation ranged from 0.54 to 2.82%. The steam distillation process can be carried out with or without relying on enzymes in the process. The yield of rosemary essential oil obtained through the steam distillation process without using enzymatic assistance was 1.0.74%. However, when steam distillation is carried out with enzymatic assistance, the resulting yield increases to 1.36%. In the hydro distillation method, the amount of rosemary essential oil produced was 1.35%. The difference in yield results obtained in each method is due to the different treatment of materials and different extraction processes.