Jurnal Peternakan Nusantara

EFFECTIVENESS OF THE USE OF KEFIR WHEY IN IMPROVING THE ORGANOLEPTIC QUALITY OF SPENT LAYER HEN (GALLUS GALLUS) MEAT

Fariz Zakly, Anggraeni, Agung Puji Haryanto — Tue, 30 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Low tenderness and fishy aroma are suspected to be the reasons making consumers have low acceptance of spent layer hen meat. The use of kefir whey, a clear liquid obtained from kefir making process, is a way to improve the quality of this meat. Kefir is a product resulted from the fermentation of milk by using lactic acid bacteria (LAB), acetic acid bacteria, and yeast. This study was aimed at assessing the effectiveness of the use of kefir whey in improving the organoleptic quality of spent layer hen meat. The study was conducted at Balai Besar Pelatihan Kesehatan Hewan Cinagara, Bogor and the Biology Laboratory of Djuanda University, Bogor, in February 2023. A total of 120 breast meat pieces sized 2 cm x 2 cm of spent layer hen aged 80 weeks were used as samples. These meat samples were randomly allocated into treatments of kefir whey soaking in a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 5 replicates. Treatments consisted of soaking solutions including no soaking solution (P0, control), 5 ml kefir whey + 95 ml distilled water (P1), 10 ml kefir whey + 90 ml distilled water (P2), and 15 ml kefir whey + 85 ml distilled water (P3). Measurements were taken on meat aroma, tenderness, color, taste, and juiceness. Data were subjected into a Kruskall Wallis test and an analysis of variance test. Results showed that no significant effects of treatments (P>0.05) on meat color, taste, and juiceness. However, meat tenderness in hedonic test and meat aroma and tenderness in hedonic quality test were found to be different (P<0,05) it was concluded that soaking the meat in a soaking solution containing kefir whey by up to 5 mlimproved the tenderness (hedonic test) and aroma an tenderness(hedonic quality test) of spent layer hen breast meat.

THE CONTENT OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS IN JENGKOL SKIN (ARCHIDENDRON JIRINGA) WITH DIFFERENT CONCENTRATIONS OF ETHANOL SOLVENT AS A POTENTIAL FEED ADDITIVE FOR RUMINANT LIVESTOCK

Tue, 30 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This study was aimed to determine the content of bioactive compounds in jengkol peel (Archidendron Jiringa) with different concentrations of ethanol as a potential feed additive for ruminants. The material used in this study was 50g jengkol peel flour in each treatment. The research method used was an experimental trial using a Completely Randomized Design (RAL) with 5 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments used were P1 (100% aquadest), P2 (24% ethanol (75% aquadest + 25% ethanol)), P3 (48% ethanol (50% aquadest + 50% ethanol)), P4 (72% ethanol (25% aquadest + 75% ethanol)), and P5 (96% ethanol (100% ethanol)). The parameters observed in this study were tannin content, saponin, flavonoid, and total phenol. The data obtained were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), then if there were significantly differences, Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) was carried out. The results of the study of jengkol peel extract using ethanol solvents with different concentrations gave significantly different results of tannin and saponin content (P<0.05), while the flavonoid content and total phenol were not significantly different (P>0.05).

Based on the research conducted, it is concluded that jengkol peel extract has the potential as a feed additive for ruminants, as evidenced by the results of the tannin content of 8,22% and the saponin content of 13,47% with an ethanol concentration of 48%, but did not affect the flavonoid content and total phenol extracted from jengkol peel (Archidendron jiringa).

PERFORMANCE OF SIMMENTAL CALVES FED ELEPHANT GRASS SILAGE AND FRESH ELEPHANT GRASS

Dede Kardaya, Al humam Nur Kholis Nasution, Burhanudin Malik — Tue, 30 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This study was conducted to performance of male and female Simmental calves fed elephant grass silage and fresh elephant grass. This research was conducted from April 1 to 30, 2023 at the Center for Superior Livestock Breeding and Animal Feed Greenery Padang Mangatas, West Sumatra. The livestock used in this study were Simmental calves as many as 36. If the treatment results have a significant effect, then the analysis is continued to the Least Significant Difference test. The variables observed in this study were dry matter consumption and body weight gain. Concentrate consumption was significantly different (P<0.05) between males and females only in the silage treatment while for the provision of fresh elephant grass, elephant grass and silage wasnot significantly different (P>0.05). While the FCR of males and females showed results that were not significantly different (P>0.05) between silage, fresh elephant grass, silage and elephant grass. Body weight 14 and body weight 30 on fresh elephant grass rations did not differ significantly (P>0.05) between males and females but for silage, silage and elephant grass there were significant differences (P>0.05) between males and females. For body weight gain in silage and elephant grass, there was a significant difference (P<0.05) between male and female sexes, while male and female sexes did not differ significantly (P>0.05) in silage feed and fresh elephant grass. PBBH showed that the feed treatment gave a significant effect (P<0.05) between males and females on silage feed and elephant grass, while males and females did not differ significantly on silage feed and fresh elephant grass.

EVALUATION OF COMPLETE FEED BASED ON PALM KERNEL CAKE PORTIFIED WITH PROBIOTICS ON RUMEN FERMENTABILITY

Raguati Raguati, Afzalani, RA Muthalib, Rahmi Dianita, Ega Fitri — Tue, 30 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This research aimed to evaluate complete feed formulas with palm kernel meal (BIS) levels in concentrates fortified/enriched with probiotics on rumen fermentability. The material used is complete animal feed. The feed consists of forages (elephant grass, palm frond leaves) and concentrates (tofu dregs, fine corn, bran, palm kernel meal). 1% probiotics. In vitro analysis equipment, namely analytical scales, test tubes, oven, gauze, water bath, centrifuge, flask, filter, gauze, incubator, pipette dispenser, pH meter and Buchi brand rotary evaporator, flask, spectrometer, beaker glass, distillation tube, phenolphthalein, dropper pipette, Erlenmeyer flask, Conway cup. The materials used were rumen fluid, McDougall's solution, supernatant, 0.5 N NaOH, Vaseline, saturated Na2CO3, alcohol, 1 ml boric acid solution (0.005 N H2SO4), distilled water, 0.5 N HCl. This research used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 5 treatments and 5 replications. P0: 60% Forage (50% elephant grass + 50% palm fronds)/HPR + 40% concentrate (50% bran, 30% fine corn, 20% tofu dregs)/Const. + 0% BIS + 0% probiotics. P1: (HPR + Const) + 0% BIS + 1% probiotics. P2: (HPR + Const) + 10% BIS + 1% probiotics. P3: (HPR + Const.) + 20% BIS + 1% probiotics. P4: (HPR + Const.) + 30% BIS + 1 % probiotics. The variables observed were dry matter digestibility (KcBK), organic matter digestibility (KcBO), metabolic energy (EM), microbial protein production (PPM), and total VFA. Data were analyzed using variance (ANOVA) and if there was a significant effect, Duncan's further test was carried out. The results showed that complete feed based on palm kernel meal enriched with probiotics had a significant effect (P<0.05) on KcBK, KcBO, EM and PPM and had no significant effect (P>0.05) on the VFA value. Average KcBK 24.84-29.05%, KcBO 20.49-25.52%. EM 9.09-9.96 KCal, PPM 130.18 – 166.75mg/g, and VFA value 1.15-1.24 mM. This research concludes that using palm kernel meal up to 30% ported with probiotics in complete feed positively affects rumen fermentability in vitro

PERCENTAGE OF BONELESS MEAT OF JAWA SUPER NATIVE CHICKEN WERE GIVEN CITRONELLA MEAL (Cymbopogon nardus) IN THE RATION

Catra Diwangkara, Ristika Handarini, Mohammad Winugroho — Tue, 30 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Jawa super native chickens are the result of a cross between native chickens and laying hens. Super native chickens have the advantage of greater body weight and faster growth. Citronella is one of the grass plants that contains saponins, flavonoids, and polyphenols that have antiseptic properties for the digestive tract of chickens and increase feed palatability. This study aims to provide information to the public to assess the effect of using citronella flour on the growth of commercial weight of super native chickens. This research was conducted on July 26 - September 26, 2023, at Padasuka Village, Ciomas, Bogor. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 4 replicates with a total of 100 DOC. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan's further test. R0 = Control ration, R1 = addition of 2% citronella meal in ration, R2 = addition of 4% citronella meal in ration, R3 = addition of 6% citronella meal in ration, R4 = addition of 8% citronella meal in ration. The variables observed in this study were the percentage of breast and thigh, the percentage boneless of breast and thigh, the percentage bone of breast and thigh, the percentage skin of breast and thigh, and the ratio of bone and meat breast and thigh. The result of this research is that the provision of citronella flour at a concentration level between 2 to 8% has not shown a significant effect on the percentage of meat and bone on the breast and thigh, the percentage of bone on the breast and thigh, the percentage of skin on the breast and thigh, and the ratio of meat and bone on the breast and thigh in joper native chickens. However, citronella meal had a tendency to increase the boneless percentage in free-range chickens with a concentration of 6%.

EFFECTIVE POPULATION AND INBREEDING RATE PER GENERATION OF BALI CATTLE IN TEON NILA SERUA DISTRICT

Jacob W. Lakotani, Rajab Rajab, Bercomien J. Papilaya — Tue, 30 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The aim of the study was to determine the effective population size and cross-over per generation of Bali cattle in Teon Nila Serua District, Central Maluku Regency. The method used in this study was a survey method by interviewing 10 respondents in each sample village which were randomly selected (random sampling), and direct observation in the field. The observed variables included population structure, actual population, effective population size, and cross-over rate per generation. The results showed that the effective population size of Bali cattle in TNS District was dominated by adult cows as breeding stock to maintain and increase the population with an inbreeding rate per generation of Bali cattle in Teon Nila Serua District which was still low indicating that the condition of the Bali cattle population was still in the status of safe to develop

THE EFFECT OF USING CHINESE CABBAGE WASTE SILAGE (BRASSICA PEKINENSIA L) ON THE COMSUMPTION AND DIGESTIBILITY OF ENERGY AND PROTEIN IN GROWER PIGS

david nguru, Dedi Jems Ndolu, Sabarta Sembiring, Ni Nengah Suryani — Tue, 30 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan silase limbah sawi putih (Brassica pekinensia L) dalam ransum terhadap konsumsi dan kecernaan energi dan protein pada babi grower. Ternak yang digunakan adalah babi peranakan landrace fase grower sebanyak 12 ekor yang berumur 3-4 bulan dengan bobot badan awal berkisar 29-52 kg dan rataan 36 kg (KV = 17,72%). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode percobaan dengan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri dari empat perlakuan dan tiga ulangan sehingga terdapat 12 unit percobaan. Perlakuan yang digunakan adalah R0: 100% ransum basal, R1: 90% ransum basal + 10% silase limbah sawi putih, R2: 85% ransum basal + 15% silase limbah sawi putih dan R3: 80% ransum basal + 20% silase limbah sawi putih. Variabel yang diteliti adalah konsumsi ransum, konsumsi energi, konsumsi protein, kecernaan energi dan kecernaan protein. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan berpengaruh tidak nyata (P>0.05) terhadap semua variable. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan silase limbah sawi putih (Brassica pekinensia L) dalam ransum pada level 10%, 15% dan 20% memberikan pengaruh yang sama terhadap konsumsi dan kecernaan energi dan protein. Disarankan limbah sawi putih dapat diolah menjadi silase dan dapat digunakan 20% mengganti ransum babi grower.

Kata kunci: babi grower, energi, protein, silase limbah sawi putih.

EFFECT OF TYPE AND DOSAGE OF FOLIAR FERTILIZERS ON DIGESTIBILITY AND NUTRIENT CONTENT OF BUTTERFLY PEA (CLITORIA TERNATEA

Apriyani Nur Sariffudin, Nafiatul Umami, Bambang Suhartanto, SN Ahmad — Tue, 30 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The study aimed to determine the effect of the type and dose level of foliar fertilizers on the nutrient content and in vitro digestibility of Clitoria ternatea. The research was conducted at Faculty of Animal Science, Gadjah Mada University. The materials used were butterfly pea seeds, rabbit liquid organic and Gandasil^®D fertilizer, rumen fluid. The study analysed by Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with factorial 2x4. The first factor was the type of foliar fertilizer (rabbit liquid organic and Gandasil^®D fertilizer). The second factor was the level of fertilizer dosage (0, 1.5, 3 and 4.5 g/l/plot). Parameters observed were DM, OM, Ash, CP, CF, Crude Fat, in vitro dry matter and organic matter digestibility (IVDMD/IVOMD). Data were analyzed by variance analysis at 5%, continued with Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results showed that the types of foliar fertilizers didn’t significantly affect the nutrient content (P>0.05), but had a significant effect on IVDMD and IVOMD (P<0.05). The dose level had a significant effect on CP, CF, IVDMD, IVOMD (P<0,05), but not significant effect on DM, OM, and crude fat (P>0.05). There was an interaction between type and dose level of foliar fertilizer on IVDMD and IVOMD (P<0.05). The conclusion is the type of foliar fertilizer doesn’t affect the nutrient content while the level of fertilizer dosage has a significant effect. There is a combination of foliar fertilizers and dose levels on IVDMD and IVOMD. The combination of Gandasil^®D fertilizer with dose level of 4,5 g/l/plot got the best IVDMD and IVOMD.